General Chemistry Workbench
Sixteen calculators and visual models for atoms, formulas, reactions, gases, solutions, acids and bases, equilibrium, energy, kinetics, electronic structure, geometry, and nuclear decay.
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How this tool works
The workbench separates sixteen foundational chemistry tasks into focused tabs with live diagrams and graphs.
Formula parsing supports grouped formulas and hydrates, while equation balancing uses exact rational arithmetic.
All numerical inputs, imported state, text size, dataset size, and graph sample counts are bounded before calculation.
Core equations
moles: n = m/M and N = nNₐideal gas: PV = nRTdilution: M₁V₁ = M₂V₂pH = −log₁₀[H⁺]equilibrium: Kc = [C]^c[D]^d / ([A]^a[B]^b)reaction enthalpy: ΔH°rxn = ΣνΔH°f(products) − ΣνΔH°f(reactants)Arrhenius: k = Ae^(−Ea/RT)radioactive decay: N = N₀(1/2)^(t/t½)Assumptions
- Atomic masses are standard representative values suitable for educational calculations.
- The equation balancer handles molecular equations and does not independently conserve ionic charge or electrons.
- Gas-law calculations assume ideal behavior.
- Acid–base and titration models use dilute aqueous solutions at 25 °C with Kw = 1.0×10⁻¹⁴.
- The equilibrium tab models one reaction of the form aA + bB ⇌ cC + dD using concentrations.
- Arrhenius calculations assume the pre-exponential factor and activation energy remain constant over the selected temperatures.
Limitations
- Activities, nonideal gases and solutions, polyprotic acid systems, precipitation, electrochemical half-reactions, and detailed quantum-chemical calculations are outside this version.
- The visualizations are schematic and are not molecular-dynamics simulations.
- Results are educational estimates and are not substitutes for laboratory safety procedures or regulated analytical methods.